Jaundice is a consequence of the disease that occurs due to too rapid disintegration of red blood cells - erythrocytes, accumulation of bilirubin in the blood as a result of weak liver and bile duct work.
Symptoms of jaundice
As a rule, jaundice is quite easy to diagnose itself, as there are a number of undeniable symptoms indicating the presence of this manifestation of the disease. So, in order to determine how jaundice is transmitted, we first consider its main symptoms:
- yellow skin and sclera of eyeballs;
- The urine becomes dark brown with foam;
- the feces become discolored, whitens;
- there is pain in the hypochondrium on the right;
- headaches begin,
- chills, fever, fever;
- no appetite, a feeling of nausea;
- weight loss, weakness;
- pain in muscles and joints;
- a digestive disorder occurs;
- sometimes there is a galling belch (in the event that the cause of jaundice is cholecystitis).
If you find these symptoms, you should see a doctor sooner.
Types of jaundice and how it is transmitted
In order to avoid infection of jaundice, it is important to know how it is transmitted, and for this you need to know what kinds of diseases exist.
Physiological jaundice
Such jaundice is caused by dysfunction of the liver and biliary tract. The blood gets too much protein bilirubin, which in large quantities is a poison for the whole body, creates a threat of blood poisoning, affects the nervous system. The disease is not contagious, because it is caused by internal malfunctions of the body.
Hepatic (parenchymal) jaundice
With this kind of jaundice, the liver ceases to convert bilirubin into bile. A rather serious disease is infectious jaundice - hepatitis. There are several types of hepatitis, each of which has its own modes of transmission:
- Hepatitis A. The virus is transmitted by the so-called fecal-oral route, that is, through water, food, and also by household methods.
- Hepatitis B and C. These types of viral hepatitis are transmitted through the blood (parenterally) - with blood transfusions, when using a single syringe or untreated medical instruments, as well as sexual intercourse.
Hyperemic (hemolytic) jaundice
This kind of jaundice occurs when hematopoiesis is deficient. To provoke hemolytic jaundice may be lymphomas, anemia, leukemia, viruses and infections if there was a blood transfusion of another group.
Subhepatic (mechanical or obturational) jaundice
With this jaundice, a natural outflow of bile is difficult or impossible due to the fact that the functions of the gallbladder are violated
False jaundice
It develops because of the abuse of products containing carotene - oranges, carrots, pumpkins and others. Although yellowing of the skin is observed, sclera remains a normal color.
Many are asked whether jaundice is transmitted by airborne droplets, and whether it can be inherited. On both questions experts give an unambiguous answer - can not.