Such an indicator, as perinatal mortality, is usually expressed in ppm. When calculating it, the number of children born dead and the number of those who died in the first 7 days of life are taken into account. The received sum is divided by the total number of babies born and the perinatal mortality rate is obtained.
What causes perinatal mortality?
The main causes of perinatal mortality are:
- fetal asphyxia (up to 60% of cases);
- birth trauma (10-12%);
- congenital malformations (7-8%);
- pneumonia (5-6%);
- hemolytic disease of newborns (up to 3%).
It should be noted that almost half of the dead children are premature babies. In addition to the above reasons, the mother's age and bad habits (smoking, alcoholism) directly affect perinatal mortality.
What are the ways of reducing perinatal and maternal mortality?
Do not forget that along with perinatal, there is also maternal mortality. However, due to the high degree of development of medicine, today such phenomena are observed rarely, but still have a place to be.
The most important for the prevention of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality is timely diagnosis. The most often used method of neurosonography, which allows you to differentiate between congenital and acquired in the perinatal period,
It is also necessary to take into account the fact that in order to prevent the majority of diseases and disorders leading to fetal death, antenatal fetal protection, optimization of labor management, intensive observation and treatment of newborns at risk are of great importance. These factors contributed to a decline in perinatal mortality rates, which in 2014 in the Russian Federation was 7.4%, and in Ukraine, in the same period, the figure was 7.8%.