Periodontitis is a serious inflammatory disease of the tissues that provide fixation and trophism of the tooth, therefore its treatment at home is impractical. After all, untreated periodontitis threatens to lose a tooth, which will lead to deterioration of the masticatory function and the need for expensive orthopedic treatment in the future. Therefore, at home, you can only alleviate the symptoms before going to the doctor.
What is periodontitis?
Periodontitis is a complex of tissues. This complex includes:
- Connective tissue. Its collagen fibers connect the cement of the tooth root with the bone socket. They are located at an angle, which ensures the retention of the tooth in the hole. The basic substance of connective tissue is 70% water, which allows the distribution of the load during chewing. The oksitalanovye fibers are very elastic and are located parallel to the dental cement.
- Blood vessels. Arterial and venous vessels ensure proper nutrition of the tooth tissues and are responsible for homeostasis.
- Nerves. The trigeminal nerve fibers have a large number of pain receptors, which are mostly located at the tips of the teeth. Provide a sensory and trophic function.
- Lymphatic capillaries associated with parotid, submandibular and sublingual lymph nodes .
Periodontitis - treatment
The treatment of periodontitis depends on its kind, but, in general, includes several main stages that can last several months:
- Opening of the cavity of the tooth.
- Cleansing of the root canals.
- Preparation of channels for sealing.
- Sealing of channels.
- Restoration of the tooth crown.
In acute apical periodontitis, the doctor necessarily performs anesthesia. Then, using a drill, he opens the tooth cavity and removes the necrotic pulp. Then work with channels begins. The doctor's task is to completely clean the tooth canals from infected tissues with the help of tools and medications. When purulent periodontitis tooth after the first visit remains open.
In the interval between visits to the dentist, the patient is prescribed anti-inflammatory therapy. Antibiotics for acute purulent periodontitis are prescribed almost always to effectively rid the body of the infection. In addition, the doctor will prescribe an antihistamine drug, as well as rinsing, which allows you to quickly remove inflammation.
During the next visits (their number depends on the tooth reaction and presence or absence of soreness), the doctor conducts instrumental and medicamentous processing of the tooth tissues, and after complete processing seals the tooth cavity. For the removal of inflammation often used physiotherapy methods (depophoresis, laser therapy).
How to treat chronic periodontitis?
With an exacerbation of chronic periodontitis, which is accompanied by painful nibbling, swelling and reddening of the mucous in the area of the causative tooth, the doctor also prescribes antibiotics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. After removal of the inflammation
In some cases, conservative treatment of chronic periodontitis does not give results, and the tooth must be removed. There are also combined therapies:
- Resection of the apex of the root of the tooth. The top of the tooth is removed along with the cyst, and further treatment is as usual - the channels are processed and sealed (in some cases, retrograde).
- Amputation of the root. One affected root is removed in the multi-rooted teeth.
- Hemisection - removal of half of the tooth, including the root and half of the crown adjacent to it.