The detachment of the placental organ is its separation from the uterine walls long before delivery. If symptoms of abruption of the placenta are observed, then it comes about the threat to the life of the baby.
The timing on which signs of placental abruption may occur
This pathology is equally often observed both in the beginning of fetal gestation, and on the terminal terms or in the process of delivery. An interesting fact is that the detachment of the placental organ for a period not exceeding 20 weeks gives the child a real chance of survival. This can be explained by the fact that the placenta during pregnancy is in the stage of intensive growth and is able to "heal" the site of the defect independently.
The causes of the appearance of signs of separation of the placenta
Among midwives and gynecologists, there is no consensus that it affects the occurrence of this pathology. This can be influenced by a huge number of factors, namely:
- Smoking, alcoholism, drug use;
- lack of folic acid;
- short umbilical cord ;
- insufficiently balanced diet of a pregnant woman;
- late gestosis;
- arterial hypertension and other vascular changes;
- trauma of the abdomen of a pregnant woman due to blows, falls or accidents;
- polyhydramnios and pregnancy with several fruits;
- other causes leading to the appearance of signs of detachment of the placenta.
Symptoms of placental delamination during pregnancy
The placenta with a normal disposition is rarely peeled off, but the child's death occurs in about a quarter of cases. There are several levels of departure of the placental organ, and each is characterized by a different state of the fetus. So, for example, if the pathology is assigned the first degree, then the baby has all chances to survive. At the second stage, oxygen starvation is already observed, and the third, as a rule, is accompanied by the death of the fetus.
The main signs of placental abruption are considered to be lower abdominal pain, bleeding from the genital tract and changes in the motor activity of the fetus. An option is possible, in which there is a lack of blood secretions due to their accumulation behind the placental organ.
It is worth noting that the symptoms of placental peeling at different times are slightly different.
Signs of placental abruption, which occurred in the first three months of gestation
There is a real opportunity to save the child's life, since the departure of the placental organ at this stage is more reminiscent of hematoma and is clearly visible on the ultrasound machine. Symptoms can be painful pulling character and spotting. To prevent pre-natal death, therapy is performed with the use of blood-restoring and pregnancy-supporting drugs.
Signs of a placenta in the second period of pregnancy
The patient can observe such symptoms of the presence of this pathology as:
- strained and constantly in a tonus uterus;
- lower abdominal pain;
- violent movements of the baby as a consequence of lack of oxygen;
- bleeding can be both plentiful and absent altogether, depending on how much the organ has peeled off and where the blood accumulates;
- weakness, dizziness and so on.
At this stage, the symptoms of premature placental abruption can still be adjusted by medication
Distraction of the placenta at delivery
This phenomenon is of a single nature and is due to the presence of several fruits, as a result of which there is overgrowth of the walls of the uterus. Symptoms in this case are the coloring of amniotic fluid in brown tones due to the ingress of blood and feces of the child into them.
It is very important to know the signs of premature detachment of the placenta, which will avoid such tragedy as the fetal death of the long-awaited baby.