If during the passage of the electrocardiogram the device recorded certain changes in the work of the heart, then the diagnosis is "a syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles". Such a condition is not always a pathology or a disease, but further examination by a doctor will still be necessary.
Syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles of the heart - what is it?
Recently, the syndrome of early ventricular repolarization (ARVD) is very common - 8% of fully healthy men, women and children learn about such an ECG phenomenon during routine examinations. The risk group includes:
- Patients with pathologies with the heart, which are accompanied by interruptions in work;
- people who are actively involved in sports;
- black men;
- patients with dysplastic collagenosis.
Most patients ask a question about what the syndrome of early ventricular repolarization means. It is an uncharacteristic change in the electrocardiogram curve and can be permanent or transient. Very often, the ECG phenomenon occurs in adolescents and children. There are 3 species that have common features, but differ in the degree of severity:
- maximum - has more than 6 leads;
- moderate - consists of 4-5 leads;
- minimum - characterized by 2-3 leads.
The syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles arises not only in patients who have acquired or congenital pathologies with the heart, but also in those who possess:
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- dysplasia of connective tissues (spider fingers, hyper joint mobility, prolapse in the mitral canal);
- familial hyperlipidemia;
- cardiovascular diseases;
- neurocircular dystonia;
- genetic predisposition.
What is the danger of early ventricular repolarization syndrome?
During a series of studies, scientists have shown that the ECG phenomenon of early ventricular repolarization can lead to sudden coronary death, if accompanied by occasional syncope of cardiac origin. The syndrome often contributes to the development of diseases such as:
- heart failure;
- supraventricular arrhythmia;
- sinus tachycardia and bradycardia;
- ischemia of the heart;
- atrial fibrillation;
- paroxysmal tachycardia;
- deterioration of hemodynamics;
- damage to the vessels of the heart, etc.
Syndrome of early repolarization of ventricles in children
If after an electrocardiogram you are faced with such a problem as the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles of the heart in children, then you need to know that to confirm the diagnosis the child will need to be fully inspected. For this, doctors offer to pass detailed blood tests (from the finger and vein) and urine, as well as to make several times an ultrasound of the heart. The frequency depends on the patient's state of health.
This diagnosis in childhood is not a verdict. The examination is carried out in order to exclude disturbances in the work of the heart and its rhythm. There are pathologies in the main muscle of a person, only a cardiologist can determine. He appoints a regular examination of the child with an interval of several months. There is a syndrome in those children who had problems with blood circulation in the womb.
If your child is diagnosed with a syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles, then in the future you will need:
- Reduce physical activity and reduce their intensity.
- Protect the child from all sorts of stresses.
- Observe diet.
- Ensure that the child has a healthy lifestyle.
Syndrome of early repolarization of ventricles in adolescents
The teenagers are the most affected by this condition. This is especially evident during puberty. Elements of the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles represent small changes in the work of the heart. Children should undergo a comprehensive examination, which, in addition to the tests, includes ECHO-CG and ECG. If pathologies are not identified, then no treatment is prescribed. To parents doctors recommend:
- Check the child every six months.
- To give children vitamins.
- Ensure that the child has a calm lifestyle (without stress and strong physical exertion).
- To feed children with useful and varied food.
Syndrome of early repolarization of ventricles in athletes
During the studies, which consisted in the supervision of professional athletes, it was found that about 80% of them have a bradycardia (the heart rate in 1 minute reaches 60). The syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles of the heart is manifested in the predominance of vagal influences and the development in the left ventricle of an adaptive wall thickening. Such people should:
- Reduce the load.
- To exclude constant reception of medicines (dope).
- Observe with a doctor.
Syndrome of early repolarization of ventricles during pregnancy
When the future mother is diagnosed with the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricular myocardium, she begins to panic, she is very worried and the question arises as to how this situation will affect the baby and the gestation process. Scientists have proved that the ECG phenomenon does not affect the fetal development and health in any way, if the pregnant woman does not have other serious diseases (for example, arrhythmia).
Syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles - symptoms
Very often ECG-phenomenon is detected accidentally during the examination in other diseases. Patients may not have any complaints or they are related to the underlying diagnosis. Signs of the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles are manifested in the form of various arrhythmias, which are considered a serious threat to health and can lead to death (ventricular fibrillation).
Most patients have:
- dysfunction of the heart, leading to hemodynamic disorders;
- pulmonary edema ;
- shortness of breath ;
- cardiogenic shock ;
- hypertensive crisis .
Examination of an adult includes testing:
- ECG monitoring during the day or more;
- introduction of intravenous novocainamide, so that on the apparatus to reveal signs of anomaly;
- sample with potassium, when the patient takes the drug (the dose is 2 g) for the manifestation of symptoms;
- blood chemistry;
- lipidogram.
Syndrome of early repolarization of ventricles on ECG
If there is a suspicion of having cardiac pathologies, a cardiogram is always made, the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles can manifest itself on the apparatus in the form of:
- the appearance of an additional wave J in the QRS complex;
- changes in the T wave when it has a broad base;
- displacement of the electric axis to the left;
- change the shape of the particle ST, it rushes down, after the notch rises;
- Elevation (pseudo-coronary uplift) of the ST segment in the thoracic leads above the isoline (up to 3 mm).
Signs of an anomaly can be seen at the site of the thoracic leads in the ECG. It is worth paying attention to the tooth S, because it can greatly diminish in size or the chasm from the thoracic branches on the left side. This indicator demonstrates to doctors that the human heart has made a turn along the longitudinal axis counter-clockwise. In this case, a complex QRS (type qR) in the V5 and V6 regions will be formed.
Syndrome of early repolarization of ventricles on ECHO
During the examination, doctors can prescribe echocardiography of rest (ECHO) and ECG, the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles in a child is best revealed in such ways. They help to identify hidden anomalies in the heart, give an idea of the processes, rhythm and work of the main muscle. Such diagnostics are absolutely safe for children's health.
Syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricles - treatment
To treat the ECG-phenomenon does not make sense, because it has no symptoms and is not a disease. In order for the syndrome of early repolarization of the ventricular myocardium in children and adults not to develop into a more serious problem, doctors recommend:
- Come to see them every 6 months.
- Moderately engage in variety.
- Spend time outdoors.
- It is good to eat.
- Eliminate all bad habits.