The Fallot Notebook is one of the most common congenital heart defects in children (named for the French pathologist Phallo). There are four defects, the presence of which allows you to diagnose "tetralogy of Fallot":
- stenosis of the pulmonary artery - narrowing of the lumen of the pulmonary artery, which leads to a decrease in the amount of ejected blood into the lungs, thereby increasing the work of the right ventricle;
- hypertrophy of the right ventricle (RV) - as a consequence of pulmonary artery stenosis, muscle mass of the prostate gland increases;
- Defect of interventricular septum - there is a lumen between the right and left ventricle (LV). Normally, they are separated by a dense septum, since there is a huge difference in the pressure of the prostate and the LV;
- dextrase of the aorta - the aorta is on the right side of the heart (in the norm - on the left side).
Tetralogy of Fallot - reasons
The reason for the development of the tetralogy of Fallot, however, like the other congenital heart defects - is unknown. There are various studies, the results of which point to the multifactorial etiology of this anomaly.
Portuguese scientists even suggested that the presence of a specific variant of a gene called MTHFR, makes the child more vulnerable to damaging factors during organ formation (during the fetal period).
It is believed that the chickenpox and other viral infections transferred during pregnancy also negatively affect the formation of the heart and large vessels in the fetus. Other Risk Factors for Papillitis Tetrada Fallo is the age of the mother (more than 40 years), poor nutrition, alcohol consumption, smoking, and diabetes of the mother.
Also, it was noted that in children with Down's syndrome, the tetralogy of Fallot is much more common than in ordinary children.
Tetrada Fallot - diagnosis
Symptoms of vps Tetrad Phallo are as follows:
- difficulty in feeding a child;
- delay in development;
- cyanosis (cyanosis) of the skin during crying or feeding;
- shortness of breath during physical exertion (progresses with age).
Moms who observe such changes in their babies turn to a doctor who, on the basis of the following studies, can diagnose Tetrad Phallo:
- general blood analysis;
- blood gasimetry;
- echocardiography;
- X-ray of the chest (if after the echo left the question marks);
- nuclear magnetic resonance (if the diagnosis is questionable);
- cardiac catheterization (in special cases).
Tetrada Fallot - treatment
Children with asymptomatic tetralogy of Fallot do not require treatment, but must be regularly monitored by a cardiologist.
Treatment of tetralogy of Fallot in children with symptomatic symptoms is exclusively surgical. The operation is best performed at the age of about 12 months (if circumstances permit).
The forecasts are quite optimistic - most children after the intervention have excellent chances of survival and what is more, their quality of life is high.