What is self-education? For a person, at any time, what he achieved with his own strength, skill and perseverance was always valuable. The role of self-education in the formation of personality is of prime importance: to reveal a person for the world in its unique and individual sound.
Self-education - what is it?
Self-education is the conscious aspiration of a person to purposefully and independently realize his potential, given by nature. For the full realization it is necessary to have a deep knowledge of yourself, perfection of personal qualities, development of necessary skills, ability to critical thinking . What is self-education - this issue was deeply investigated by writers, philosophers, educators, psychologists since ancient history.
Psychology of self-education
Psychologists say that the human soul is the driving force behind its development. The concept of self-education includes several constituent elements: the formation of character, willpower, the development of a line of conduct. Erich Fromm - German psychoanalyst and philosopher of the XX century, in his statements spoke about the main life task of man - to give life to himself, to become what he is potentially. The most important result of efforts is his own personality. Leading motives form internal impulses to work on themselves.
What is self-education manifested in?
Self-education in the life of an adult person - its main goal pursues the deepest work of the individual over his character and includes:
- overcoming difficult life circumstances and conditions - this only tempers a person;
- working out negative character traits and developing positive ones;
- training in coping and controlling emotions - raising the level of emotional intelligence ;
- true adherence to one's own path in life.
Why do you need self-education?
Self-education of the individual is an important process for resolving the contradictions and conflicts underlying the person's need to change themselves. Cognition is not always a pleasant process, but it is necessary for a good reason. A person recognizing their negative sides, faces unpleasant feelings of guilt, aggression, resentment - this is a bitter, and at the same time, healing moment. Self-education and improvement help:
- to become happy to yourself and to surrounding people;
- the joy of overcoming develops altruism, the desire to come to the aid of those who need
- to realize creative self-expression;
- succeed.
Methods of self-education
What is effective self-education and what are the ways of self-education? The popular proverb: "The Age of Life - the Age of Learning" reflects well the process of educating yourself. A person who has set foot on this path is constantly being improved "through thorns to the stars". Methods that help to structure activities on the path of self-education:
- Self-binding : speaking to oneself and following them, through constant reminder and the pursuit of fulfillment - this leads to the formation of a stable habit.
- Empathy - attunement with the feelings of others, "seeing" yourself in the place of another - helps to bring up moral qualities. A person from the feeling of empathy can see himself from the outside, as people around him perceive.
- Self-order or self-coercion - educate the will and gradually a lack of willful qualities is eradicated.
- Self - punishment - for non-observance of rules and obligations, a punishment is imposed, which is stipulated before assuming obligations.
- Self - criticism - an inner contradiction leads to work on self-improvement.
- Self - confidence is based on self-esteem. Experts recommend that they recite their offenses aloud, so their own attention is attracted to what needs to be worked out.
- Self-analysis (self-reflection) - includes self-control, keeping a diary, self-report.
How to start self-education?
Self-education and self-education of the person begins with early childhood in the process of raising the child by parents, through the assimilation of norms, rules, in assessing the activities of children by adults. The process is consciously launched from adolescence. A person who has not received the due attention and disclosure of his potential in the family can himself develop all those qualities that are important to him.
The path of self-education begins with small steps:
- understanding and awareness of the need for change in oneself;
- determination to take steps towards self-change;
- positive internal motivation and belief in success;
- setting (prescribing) goals and objectives;
- choice of means and methods.
The problem of self-education
The problem of self-education and self-improvement since ancient times was occupied by the "bright minds" of thinkers, philosophers. The idea of self-education goes through the ages all the time - changing beyond recognition, and yet contains eternal truths. Plato, Socrates, Aristotle - the first works in which you can see the value of self-knowledge and the emergence of a person as a person in the process of self-improvement. The society needs strong, gifted people who have brought up high moral qualities. The problem is expressed in the fact that a person can choose false values, ideals and follow them.
Great people engaged in self-education
Self-education of famous people is an excellent example of the possible overcoming of a difficult fate, inappropriate conditions, ill health. They all: writers, artists, philosophers, musicians, heads of enterprises and countries - set a goal to become successful, useful and through self-education they achieved a lot.
- Demosthenes is an ancient Greek speaker. Persistently overcame strong tongue-tied speech, weak voice by nature, compulsive twitching of the shoulder. Self-education helped Demosthenes become a great orator and speak in courts, influence politics.
- Peter the Great - "the king with calluses on his hands" - the ruler of Russia loved to speak of himself. Through his example of self-discipline and tempering the character in harsh conditions, he set an example for his subjects.
- A.P. Chekhov , a Russian writer, found himself in difficult circumstances after the ruin of his family, came to the conclusion that it was necessary to cultivate the "iron will to work". The writer believed that "laziness was born ahead of him" and self-education and development of creative potential helped Chekhov take place in the writing business.
- Franklin Roosevelt is the President of the United States. The strict schedule of the day from the very childhood and the desire for deep knowledge is a constant element of self-education throughout life.
- Albert Einstein is a theoretical physicist. In his childhood he spoke poorly, from the point of view of teachers he was noted for his stupidity, slowness and lack of ability to learn. The scientist showed great diligence and diligence in the future. The independence of thinking, the development of talent - all this is the fruit of Einstein's efforts in the process of self-education.
- A.Nevsky, L.N. Tolstoy, L. Beethoven, In Vincent. Gogh, DF Nash, Frida Kahlo, Mohammed Ali, Stevie Wonder, Mithun Chakraborty, Stephen Hawking, Nico Vuychich is a far from complete list of people who have overcome the seriousness of being, imperfection, disease through self-improvement and self-education.
Books about self-education
What is the significance of self-education - this can be read in the writings of famous people, their autobiographical essays:
- "Education and self-education" VA. Sukhomlinsky
- "Psychology of Education" LM. Zubin
- "Self-knowledge and self-education of character" Yu.M.Orlov
- "The book about power over oneself" E.Robbins
- "Laws of the winners" B.Shefer
- "Education of self-education and active-volitional moral traits of adolescents" N.F. Yakovleva, M.I. Shilov
- "Life Without Borders" by Niko Vuychich