Drug Amikacin is an antibiotic that belongs to the group of aminoglycosides with a broad spectrum of bactericidal and anti-tuberculosis activity. Amicacin is not manufactured in tablets. It is sold only in the form of a solution for injections and powder for the preparation of such a solution.
Description and pharmacological properties of Amikacin
Active substance Amikaktsina - sulfate amikacin. Thanks to this, this medication is effective in combating gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Its action is based on the destruction of the bacterial membrane and the obstruction of the formation of proteins. Because of this, the maximum activity of Amicacin exerts against such bacteria as:
- Klebsiella;
- salmonella;
- staphylococcus aureus;
- gonococcus;
- streptococcus.
Amikacin for injections can be bought only on the prescription. Shelf life of this medication is 2 years. Usually it is administered intramuscularly, and it is absorbed quickly and completely, but in some cases, the administration can be drip or jet for 1-2 minutes. Amicacin is also effective in the form of inhalations.
Indications for use Amikaktsina
Indications for use Amicacin is virtually all infectious and inflammatory diseases that are caused by gram-negative and gram-negative microorganisms or their associations. With this medication, you can cure a variety of respiratory tract infections:
- pneumonia;
- bronchitis;
- abscess of the lungs ;
- empyema of the pleura.
Also indications for using Amikacin are infections of the biliary tract and central nervous system, including severe meningitis.
Apply this drug with:
- sepsis ;
- septic endocarditis;
- cystitis;
- urethritis;
- pyelonephritis and other infectious ailments of the urogenital tract.
It will help to cope with it and with abscesses of skin and soft tissues, for example, with:
- infected burns;
- ulcers and bedsores of various genesis.
You can use Amikacin for intestinal infection, peritonitis and other infectious diseases of the abdominal cavity, as well as in the fight against various infections of bones and joints, wound and postoperative infections.
Amicacin is also necessary for prostatitis, gonorrhea and tuberculosis (in combination with other medicines).
Contraindications to the use of Amikacin
Amicacin has a lot of contraindications. It is strictly forbidden to take the drug at:
- severe diseases of all the organs of hematopoiesis and heart;
- pregnancy;
- neuritis of the auditory nerve;
- hypersensitivity to any components of the drug or other aminoglycosides in the anamnesis;
- damage to the auditory or vestibular apparatus;
- severe chronic renal failure, which is accompanied by azotemia and uremia.
Caution should be applied to the use of Amikacin for pneumonia and various respiratory diseases in the period of neonatal or for the treatment of premature babies and elderly patients. It is also worth giving up Amicacin for myasthenia gravis, botulism and parkinsonism, since this medicine can cause a breakdown of the neuromuscular transmission.
Side effects of Amicacin
Most often, side effects of Amicacin are manifested by the digestive system. This can be nausea, vomiting and impaired liver function. In addition, after using this medication, severe headache and drowsiness may occur.
Very often, patients have an allergic reaction to Amicacin. It appears as:
- skin rash;
- itching;
- hyperemia of the skin;
- edema of Quincke;
- fever.
There may also be adverse local reactions, for example:
- dermatitis;
- painful sensations at the injection site;
- phlebitis;
- periphlebitis (when administered).