Extrasystolia is a violation of the usual heart rhythm, accompanied by an extraordinary contraction of the muscle. With atrial extrasystole, the foci of impulses are located in the atria. This phenomenon is difficult to call a disease. Manifest extrasystole can and in completely healthy people, and those who suffer from cardiovascular diseases.
Causes and symptoms of a single atrial extrasystole
Atrial extrasystole is a common phenomenon that can be caused by exogenous and endogenous factors. The main reasons for the development of this type of arrhythmia are:
- abuse of nicotine and alcohol;
- arterial hypertension ;
- cardiac ischemia;
- consumption of caffeine;
- reception of cardiac glycosides;
- pericarditis;
- myocarditis;
- metabolic syndrome;
- heart defects;
- thyrotoxicosis.
It is important to understand that atrial extrasystole does not indicate problems with the heart. Especially if it's a single phenomenon. Quite often it happens that a person does not notice any changes in the state of health at an arrhythmia.
With frequent atrial extrasystole, the appearance of such symptoms as:
- weakness;
- dyspnea;
- feeling of fear;
- anxiety;
- panic;
- irritability;
- insomnia ;
- a feeling of a strong palpitation.
Diagnosis and treatment of atrial extrasystole
Only an expert can diagnose this arrhythmia. In order to establish the correct diagnosis, he will require blood and urine tests, ECG results. Electrocardiography today is almost the most informative method for determining arrhythmias.
There are several basic signs of atrial extrasystole, distinguishable on the ECG. These include:
- presence of incomplete compensatory pause;
- the prong P 'appears outside the queue;
- the polarity of the tooth P 'is deformed or changed;
- presence of extrasystolic ventricular complex QRST, similar to the sinus complex.
As such, atrial extrasystole does not require. Most often, the arrhythmia disappears as suddenly as it appears. To prevent attacks of atrial extrasystole, it is advisable to give up smoking and not to abuse alcohol. Regular exercise and outdoor exercise will be helpful.
To stop an attack of arrhythmia, you can give the patient a sedative. But the use of medications is usually resorted only in extreme cases.