The problem of infertility in recent years is becoming more acute. But with the development of medicine and the advent of new technologies, many childless couples got the opportunity to conceive a baby. Already more than two decades passed after the birth of a child, which first appeared with the help of in vitro fertilization . Now other methods of artificial provision of conception are used. All of them are united by the concept of assisted reproductive technologies.
Despite the fact that almost two million children could be born with their help, disputes about whether such interference is ethical do not stop. Therefore, the use of assisted reproductive technologies is only permissible if traditional treatment does not help. This is an intrusion into the patient's body, often causing side effects, so it is recommended to apply it as a last resort.
Indications for the use of reproductive technologies:
- absence or obstruction of the fallopian tubes ;
- endometriosis and other difficult-to-treat ovarian diseases that interfere with conception;
- male infertility;
- long-term infertility, not cured by other methods.
Types of reproductive technologies
They include:
- ECO is the most famous and widespread method. It consists in the fact that the spermatozoon connects to the egg in a test tube, and in a few days the embryo that has appeared is placed in the uterine cavity.
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, in another way - ICSI is a method of fertilization, when a sperm is introduced into a woman's egg with a special needle.
- Very rarely, such new reproductive technologies as GIFT and GIFT are used . They consist in the transfer of fertilized in vitro cells into the fallopian tubes. Their effectiveness in comparison with IVF is much lower.
- Reproductive technologies include surrogate motherhood and the use of donor material .
In recent years, anyone who wishes to have children has received this opportunity. Reproductive technologies in the treatment of infertility are used more often.