Experts know that the state of human language reflects the work of the gastrointestinal tract. Changes in the structure and shade of the tongue, the appearance on it of an unusual plaque may indicate various problems of the digestive system. Therefore, at a reception with a gastroenterologist or therapist, patients are often asked to show their language. However, other factors can provoke different changes in the language. Consider the most probable causes of brown plaque in adults.
The causes of the attack in the language of brown
Food colorings
The most "harmless" reason for the appearance of such a plaque on the surface of the tongue is the use of a large number of food products with coloring properties. For example, it can be strong black tea, coffee, chocolate. It can also be caused by smoking. In such cases, the plaque on the tongue is thin and easily can be removed with a toothbrush. If the attack is persistent, more pronounced in the morning, then the cause should be sought in pathological factors.
Medications
A brownish coating may appear when taking certain medications, for example, antibiotics. This side effect is eliminated on its own after the end of therapy.
Diseases of the liver and gallbladder
The cause of a dark yellow-brown plaque in the language may be liver disease. Most often, it is either hepatitis (of any etiology) or cirrhosis of the liver. In this case, the patient is usually also concerned about the following symptoms:
- pain in the right hypochondrium;
- general weakness;
- yellowing of the skin;
- skin itching and the like
Brownish-yellow plaque is sometimes caused by pathologies of the gallbladder and biliary tract, namely: cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, biliary dyskinesia, tumor processes, etc. In such cases, there may be manifestations such as:
- yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, sclera;
- bitter taste in the mouth;
- nausea, vomiting;
- pain in the abdomen.
Diseases of the lungs and bronchi
Intensive-brown plaque, located on the tip of the tongue, may indicate inflammatory processes in the lower respiratory tract. In this case, there is a suspicion of the development of pneumonia or bronchitis.
Dehydration of the body
The tongue, covered with a brown coating, may indicate a severe dehydration of an organism of various origins - caused by an increased body temperature, intoxication of the body, etc. The blackish-brown color of the plaque indicates cholera accompanied by severe dehydration, in which there is also an increased body temperature, frequent loose stools, abdominal pain, cramps, severe weakness.
Glossitis
The appearance of a brown plaque in the language is caused by a disease such as infectious glossitis . It is an inflammation of the tissues of the tongue caused by a bacterial or fungal microflora. In this case, jazvochki, erosion can also form in the tongue, it becomes edematous and painful.
Impairment of lymph flow
Another reason for the plaque brown on the surface of the tongue may be impaired lymph flow. With this pathology, patients experience puffiness, which increases in the evening, muscle weakness.
Hypovitaminosis
Brown plaque in the tongue, which also appears on the surface of the teeth, can be associated with iron deficiency in the body, as well as a lack of vitamins B and PP.
To find out what is the cause of the appearance of brown plaque, you need to see a doctor and conduct a comprehensive examination of the body. It should be noted that, regardless of the reason for appearing on the tongue of a plaque, one should not forget about its hygiene. The tongue should be cleaned daily with a damp toothbrush, with or without paste.