Fertilization and conception

The birth of a new life is a process of trembling and responsible, begins with the fertilization of an egg with a sperm cell. The resulting zygote goes through the stages of development to the formation of the fetus and the birth of a new person.

Fertilization and conception - this is an important point to which you need to prepare with all responsibility, because this depends on the health of the future baby. Conception covers the first two weeks of pregnancy from sexual intercourse until the delay of menstruation and other signs of pregnancy.

Stages of fertilization

The process of fertilization consists of three phases:

  1. Distant interaction and convergence of the egg and sperm.
  2. Contact gamete interaction and activation of the egg.
  3. Penetration of the sperm of the ovum shell and syngamy.

What happens after the fertilization of the egg?

Of the many spermatozoa, only one reaches the ovum, penetrates its shell and fertilizes it in the ampullar department of the uterine tube. With the penetration of two spermatozoa, a triploid embryo is formed, which is doomed. Penetrate the egg can only one sperm, the head remains inside, and the tail and middle part are then destroyed. After the confluence of the chromosomes becomes 46. The zygote is formed - the unicellular stage of the embryo (the zygote stage lasts 26-30 hours). The zygote divides, for three days it moves along the fallopian tube and enters the uterine cavity, where it is attached to the functional layer (this process is called implantation, occurs on the 6th-7th day of conception). The placenta is finally formed by 15-16 weeks of pregnancy, it performs the functions of the lungs, kidneys and liver for the fetus - from the placenta to the fetus are the vessels that form the umbilical cord.

How long does it take to fertilize?

How long does it take to fertilize? Fertilization occurs after ovulation, within 12 hours. The duration of the process, when fertilization occurs after conception, depends on the life of the egg, which has a shorter life span than the spermatozoon (12 hours), which can sustain life in the body of a woman up to 5 days. The speed of the sperm is 3-4 millimeters per minute, so reach the egg, it can be an hour after ejaculation. Because the time of the onset of ovulation does not accurately predict, conception may occur 1-7 days after sexual intercourse.

How does conception and fertilization occur?

The date of conception and the date of fertilization do not coincide in most cases. Only if the sexual intercourse occurred at the time of ovulation, then these dates will coincide, but it can be asserted only in the case of an irregular sexual life.

Intrauterine insemination

There is also intrauterine insemination. It has an artificial origin and is carried out in the case of a moderate decrease in the fertilizing capacity of the sperm of a man, if the woman is healthy. Also, intrauterine insemination is performed when establishing the negative effect of cervical mucus on spermatozoa, which are introduced directly into the cervix, avoiding contact with mucus on a favorable day for pregnancy. During this procedure, extra superovulation is performed - stimulation of ovulation.

The WMO attempt is repeated during the cycle 2-3 times, the sperm undergoes a special treatment. After increasing the fertility of the sperm, it is injected directly into the area of ​​the uterus, which significantly reduces the distance to the egg. The pregnancy test should be done 2 weeks after the procedure. If you spend on time and with all the features of intrauterine insemination, conception occurs in 80% of cases.