In private home ownership it is very convenient to have a cellar. It can be on the street - the so-called entrance cellar, but it is better when it is located directly under the house, when there is no need to dress to collect vegetables for dinner.
When building a cellar, it is necessary to take into account the numerous nuances - the depth of groundwater, the level of freezing of soil in a given locality, to make the correct calculation of steam and heat insulation.
This case can be entrusted to professionals who install various ventilation systems in any premises or to believe in their strength and cope with the task themselves, as it is not technically difficult to make ventilation in the cellar of a private house. Let's find out what is needed for this.
How to make good ventilation in the cellar?
The optimum humidity in the basement with vegetables is 90%. Such it will be provided that the ventilation system is working correctly. Of course, it is best if it is installed in the process of building a house and then you will not have to break the construction of the floors to remove the pipes.
For ventilation in the cellar you will need to install two pipes - supply and outflow. They need to be located in opposite corners of the room for optimal extraction of stagnant air. The pipe-extractor (outflow) is necessarily located under the ceiling, or protrudes from it no more than 10 cm. The lower one, which contributes to the influx of fresh air about a meter in height.
Passing through all the floors (in houses of different storeys), the hood goes out and is located at least 50 cm above the roof ridge. The supply air should be a little above the basement or level with it.
In addition, the diameter of the pipe is also important. It is calculated from the square of the cellar - at least 25 square centimeters of ventilation duct are laid per 1 square meter of the room. It can be plastic, galvanized or asbestos-cement.
In order to regulate the airflow, it is necessary to make the valves on the inlet and outlet. In addition, metal or plastic gratings are required to ensure that mice can not enter the cellar.
If possible, then the air circulation in the cellar can be improved by forced ventilation. For this purpose, a fan is installed in the pipe located under the ceiling. This is necessary if the cellar has a large area. But if its size is not more than 10 square meters. it will be sufficient and conventional pipes with damper valves.
What can be stored in the cellar?
Since no refrigerator can store workpieces for the winter, such a structure as a cellar comes to the rescue. Equipping it with pots for potatoes , and shelving for conservation, you can not worry that in the winter in the coldest will have to run to the store, because everything you need is at hand. Carrots and beets are desirable to contain in sand or sawdust, since it has worse crockiness than other vegetables.
For beets it is better to dig a small hole - there it will remain until next summer. Apples and grapes are stored in wooden boxes. It is important that they have multiple holes for ventilation. Be sure to place them near the ventilation ducts or under the stairs, where the air temperature is a couple of degrees higher.
In addition to food supplies stored in the cellars and tubers of various plants (dahlias, chrysanthemums), which do not tolerate frost. Shelves for preservation are made of thick metal or from moisture treated wood. If you make them unreliable, then a couple of years they can be rotted in conditions of high humidity in the basement.
A properly constructed cellar is the guarantee of the preservation of the harvest and prosperity in the house.
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