In a normally occurring pregnancy, the placenta is located in the area of the body and the bottom of the uterus, along its posterior wall and passes to the side walls.
But sometimes it happens that the placenta takes too low a position relative to the internal throat of the uterus, or completely covers the cervix . In this case, they speak of placenta previa.
Placenta previa can be low, marginal and complete.
What is low placenta previa?
Low placenta presentation is spoken when it is located less than six centimeters from the inner pharynx, but the distance is only less than two centimeters, as this will determine the recommendations for the management of pregnancy, as well as deciding how the woman will give birth - by itself or by caesarean section.
Low placenta previa is the most favorable case for a woman, since the placenta is able to move during pregnancy, and it is possible that by the time of delivery it will assume a normal position.
In the early stages of pregnancy, placental presentation is more common. But closer to the termination of pregnancy in the majority of patients there is a raising of a placenta.
One symptom of this problem is painless sudden bleeding, which quickly ends. Although, usually the placenta previa passes without special symptoms.
What is dangerous low placenta previa?
In this case, the fetus develops, as in normal pregnancy. But there is a possibility of heavy bleeding from the genital tract and premature delivery in the form of an emergency cesarean section.
Causes of low placenta previa
Most often, the cause of low presentation of the placenta is never established. In the event of such a situation, the following are important: changes in the endometrium due to the presence of abortions, inflammations, births in the past, and changes in the blood supply of the fetal egg.
Risk factors also include:
- a large number of births;
- a scar on the uterus;
- the age of the pregnant over 35;
- Presence of the placenta previa in past pregnancies;
- smoking ;
- pregnancy with several fruits.
Treatment of low placenta presentation
The main task of a doctor and a pregnant woman is to prevent complications of this condition. A woman should reduce her physical activity and, if possible, stop having sex.
For treatment, as a rule, progesterone preparations are prescribed, if necessary - hemostatic agents, sedatives, and preparations that reduce the tone of the uterus.