The saddle uterus is a pathology of its structure, in which the uterine fundus has the shape of a saddle. This form of the uterus is usually considered a variety of the two-horned uterus . In obstetrics and gynecology of this pathology attention is paid for the reason that such a change in the shape of the uterus during pregnancy can cause miscarriage and disrupt the delivery process. In this article, we consider the causes and symptoms of uterine uterine dysfunction, as well as how the saddle uterus and pregnancy are combined.
The uterine saddle is the cause
The formation of the saddle uterus is associated with a violation of embryogenesis of the female fetus in a period of 10-14 weeks. During this period, the septum in the uterine cavity should disappear and its arch is rounded. Thus, the normal shape of the uterus is formed - pear-shaped.
If the process of embryogenesis is disturbed, the uterus can be a two-horned or saddle-shaped, as well as a two-chamber (if the septum that divides the uterine cavity into 2 chambers does not disappear). The causes of disembriogenesis are the influences on the embryo of unfavorable factors:
- bad habits (alcoholism, drug addiction, smoking);
- infectious diseases (acute respiratory viral infections, measles, rubella, chronic infections of reproductive organs);
- taking medicines;
- endocrine pathology (thyroid dysfunction, diabetes mellitus);
- emotional overstrain;
- avitaminosis.
What does the saddle-uterus mean?
Normally, the uterus is pear-shaped, slightly flattened laterally and with a convex arch. Let's see now what the saddle-uterus looks like. Thus, for the saddle uterus a characteristic concave arch of the uterus in the form of a saddle, as well as the absence of flattening in front and behind. With a pronounced bending of the arch of the uterus and protrusion of its upper-lateral surfaces, it is said of the two-horned uterus. Before the onset of pregnancy, the saddle uterus may not clinically manifest itself. Most often, the signs of the saddle uterus are a diagnostic finding during the passage of ultrasound, scraping of the uterine cavity, and also during pregnancy and childbirth.
Uterus saddle shape and pregnancy
The saddle-shaped uterus does not interfere with the onset of pregnancy, since with such a structure, there are no obstacles for sperm to enter the uterine cavity. Pregnancy in this form of uterus can be complicated by the threat of premature interruption, transverse fetal position, low attachment of the placenta or its presentation. Full placenta previa - one of the most formidable complications, which conceals the threat of massive bleeding. With full placenta previa, conservative delivery is forbidden, so in 100% of such women, births are performed through a planned operation by cesarean section .
Saddle and delivery
In women with saddle mat, labor can go smoothly, without complications. But, do not forget that with this anomaly, the risk of emergency surgical treatment increases due to:
- weakness of labor activity;
- discoordination of labor;
- premature placental abruption .
Characteristic complications of the postpartum period: tight attachment of the afterbirth (requires manual separation) and postpartum hypotonic bleeding, which are associated with a weak uterine contraction due to its irregular shape.
We examined the causes of the formation of the saddle uterus and its clinical manifestations. As you can see, a woman may not know about this pathology, until a pregnancy comes and no typical problems arise. In such cases, it is important to become registered on a timely basis and undergo all necessary examinations that the doctor will appoint.