One of the most dangerous acquired diseases, causing irreversible changes in the tissue of the bronchi and lower parts of the lungs, is considered bronchoectatic disease. Pathology is not a consequence of any other lesions of the respiratory system, occurs in three stages and is difficult to treat.
Symptoms of bronchiectasis
After infection with an infection that provokes the ailment in question, there are practically no signs of the disease, except for rare coughing attacks.
With further progression of the disease (stage of severe clinical manifestations and complications) the following symptoms are observed:
- pain in the chest during inspiration;
- cough with the separation of purulent mucus, especially after a night's sleep;
- hemoptysis;
- deformation of the chest (barrel shape);
- change the appearance of the fingers (like drumsticks) and nails (convex, like glass on the watch).
Diagnosis of bronchiectasis
The detection of pathology is not difficult:
- conducting a general examination with listening to breathing through a phonendoscope;
- collection of information and anamnesis;
- general laboratory blood test ;
- sputum analysis (bacterial culture);
- an extensive biochemical blood test.
You will also need:
- fibrobronchoscopy;
- X-ray examination of chest organs;
- bronchography with contrast agent;
- computed tomography (multi-axis).
In severe cases of illness or the presence of complications, a consultation of a pulmonologist may be recommended.
Treatment of bronchoectatic lung disease
First of all, therapeutic measures provide for the clearance of bronchi from mucus and purulent sputum.
Passive methods include:
- use of funds to facilitate expectoration;
- position drainage;
- chest massage with vibration;
- breathing exercises.
Medications:
- acetylcysteine (ATSTS Long);
- Ambroxol ;
- Bromhexine;
- Retard.
Antibiotics are prescribed in accordance with the results of bacteriological inoculation and the sensitivity of microorganisms to the active components of drugs. It is recommended to use 2-3 preparations of a wide spectrum of activity.
The position of the body during positional drainage depends on the segment of the lungs in which the inflammatory process takes place. The procedure should be carried out at least 2 times a day under the supervision of a doctor.
In addition, the lungs can be cleaned by direct suction of the liquid and the subsequent introduction of medication into the chest cavity.
High efficiency is provided by surgical intervention, which can be carried out from the age of 5-6 months to 40 years.
Treatment of bronchoectatic disease with folk remedies
Unconventional prescriptions are considered additional measures, even their regular application can not completely get rid of the problem.
Effective means:
- Take fresh juice of plantain with natural honey (in equal proportions).
- Before going to bed I drink a glass of Icelandic moss.
- Once a day, drink 200 ml of hot home-made milk (boiled) with a tablespoon of badger fat. Instead of a badger's salad, you can use another smalets - pig, goat or bear.
- Before each meal take 15 ml of a solution of black radish and flower honey (proportions - 2: 1).
- Regardless of the time of the meal, drink 1 tablespoon of turnip juice (freshly squeezed), 5-6 times a day.
Complications of bronchiectasis
The consequences of the disease are fibrous changes in the tissues of the bronchi and lungs, as well as:
- stable atelectasis;
- bleeding;
- aspergilloma;
- abscessing.