Inflammatory processes in the large intestine are usually called colitis. In fact, children and adults develop colitis with various symptoms and causes, the treatment of which requires an individual approach.
Symptoms of colitis in adults
The ulcerative form of colitis has specific features:
- the disease affects only the large intestine;
- there is diarrhea. Fecal masses may contain impurities of blood;
- frequency of stool does not depend on treatment, false urges are often observed;
- Cutting or aching pain is usually localized in the left side of the small pelvis;
- decreased appetite;
- flatulence increases;
- there is a febrile state;
- diarrhea leads to dehydration, which negatively affects the functionality of the heart muscle and kidneys.
Symptoms of allergic colitis in adults are significantly different:
- alternating diarrhea and constipation;
- a bitter taste is present in the mouth, vomiting is often noted;
- painful sensations and nausea are observed after eating;
- cal in form resembles small pellets.
Symptoms of chronic colitis in adults:
- dull pain in the pelvis without clear localization;
- constipation or diarrhea, with diarrhea, urges are felt up to 15 times a day;
- bloating;
- eructation , bitter taste in the mouth;
- because of a decrease in appetite, a gradual weight loss is possible.
Symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis:
- pain without clear localization, often covering the entire abdomen;
- increase in temperature, sometimes up to 40 degrees;
- watery liquid stool, with severe course up to 30 times a day.
This difference in symptoms is due to the causes of the disease. For example, allergic colitis is caused by an irritant. Most often it becomes a food product. In the presence of ulcerative colitis, the cause usually lies in the infectious process or in changes in the bacterial balance. The exact cause of chronic colitis has not yet been identified, and the pseudomembranous form can develop as a result of frequent use of antibiotic drugs.
Treatment of intestinal colitis in adults
Naturally, the program for the treatment of colitis in adults is developed depending on the symptoms and causes of the pathology.
When identifying symptoms of ulcerative colitis in an adult, treatment includes correction of the diet. From the menu, foods rich in fiber are excluded. Drug therapy is prescribed depending on the patient's condition. Use drugs with acetylsalicylic acid, immunosuppressors, corticosteroids, antibiotics. With a complicated form, resection of the large intestine is performed.
Chronic form of colitis, like ulcerative, is treated with antibiotics. After the normalization of the stool, the intestinal microflora is restored, and vitamin therapy is used. It is also necessary to comply with a specially developed diet number 4, excluding injuries to the inflamed intestine with coarse food and not allowing fermentation.
Treatment of allergic colitis is primarily aimed at identifying the allergen. In addition to food, this reaction can lead to intolerance of a specific strain of bacteria
Treatment of pseudomembranous colitis in adults includes a diet based on diet number 4, the abolition of antibiotic drugs. Since the main cause of this form of pathology is Clostridium difficile, "not indifferent" to antibiotics, after the withdrawal of drugs the condition should stabilize. If the symptoms do not disappear - carry out etiotropic treatment with correction of the intestinal microflora, use injections with metronidazole, to which the bacterium is most sensitive.