Hygroma - what it is, everyone needs to know, because the problem looks frightening. It is a tumor, but it is benign, consists of a dense wall, which is formed by connective tissues and viscous contents. The latter is similar in appearance to a transparent or yellow-colored jelly. In fact, it is a serous fluid with fibrin or mucus.
What is hygroma?
At the sight of the neoplasm people are frightened, but in fact what does the hygroma mean? It is a cyst that forms in the tissues of the body. A benign tumor is formed in the synovial pouch of the joint and has connections with it. Hygroma - what is it? The new form of the round form is covered with the skin from the top. Consistency of the "ball" is dense, its diameter can reach three centimeters. Hygromes are inactive because they are fixed at the base.
Is the hygromist dangerous?
Knowing the hygroma, what it is, to understand if it poses a health hazard or not, is easier. No, such formations are not dangerous, because medicine knows no cases of their transformation into malignant tumors. The main problem faced by patients who have a hygroma of the wrist joint is a violation of the mobility of the joint in which it was formed. In addition, the swelling does not look very nice, which also brings a certain discomfort.
Hygroma - the causes of
Having dealt with the hygroma, what is it, you can start to study the causes of the appearance of tumors. As a rule, they arise against the background of thinning of the joint capsules. It can happen because of injuries and degenerative changes. In the place of damage in the joint capsule, a weak spot is formed where the hernia can grow. The joint fluid displaces the weakened layer. Over time, the swelling increases in size, but with a limited load, its growth slows down, and sometimes the formation even spontaneously disappears.
Hygroma causes the appearance of the following:
- injury;
- excessive load on the joint;
- monotonous loads (because of them in the risk zone are athletes, musicians and people who by virtue of the profession are forced to perform monotonous movements);
- unsuccessful surgery;
- hereditary predisposition.
Hygroma - the symptoms
Tumors are mono- and multi-chambered. The division is affected by the number of capsules in the formation. Tumescence can appear suddenly and very dramatically increase in size or for a long time remain invisible and grow gradually. Some patients understand that they have a hygroma of the wrist joint, only after the symptoms become clearly discernible and begin to bring discomfort.
Hygroma on hand
In most cases, the hygroma of the brush "gives out" itself at once - its characteristic appearance. A small bump on the back side or palm is hard to notice. It rises above the healthy skin, but there are also cases when the hygroma on the wrist grows inside - under the tendon. As a rule, patients complain of a cosmetic defect. Only when the formation is greatly expanded, there is soreness and stiffness of movements.
Since you already know the hygroma of the brush, what it is, you understand how to distinguish it. Swelling soft and elastic, almost does not move. The characteristic difference between cysts is clear contours. The epidermis over the tumor almost never changes, but in neglected cases, reddening of the skin can occur, accompanied by hyperthermia.
Hygroma on foot
Neoplasm is like a subcutaneous bloat. Feel the foot hygroma soft and motionless. The stronger the tumor grows, the more discomfort it delivers to the patient. If the hygroma is located next to the nerve, pain may appear. Unpleasant sensations are constant and variable - it all depends on the loads that fall on the limb.
Manifestations of the problem vary depending on the localization of swelling. Hygroma, located on the toe, for example, always complicates movement. The popliteal cysts are found only when squatting. Among other things, tumors cause psychological discomfort. Because of them, patients are forced to hide their feet under clothes, refuse to visit beaches, swimming pools, saunas.
Hygroma - Diagnosis
It is convenient if the formation has a typical localization - a hygroma on the finger of the hand, for example. In this case, the diagnosis is made on the basis of patient complaints and examination of the tumor. With a complex arrangement, the diagnosis of the hygroma becomes more complicated. For the diagnosis is required:
- X-ray examination;
- Ultrasound;
- puncture with biopsy;
- computed tomography .
Hygroma - treatment
Recommendations regarding how to treat hygroma should be given by a specialist after examination. The most effective method of therapy is considered to be surgical removal of education, but not all doctors turn to him. Many people try to find effective, but not invasive methods, which can also have a positive effect and help cope with the cyst.
Treatment of hygroma without surgery
As a rule, when diagnosing a wrist hygroma, treatment without surgery is prescribed only in cases where there is inflammation of nearby tissues. This is due to the fact that education strongly presses on them. The cyst itself rarely inflames - mostly only when the hygroma grows from the joint, in which the inflammatory process has already begun to develop.
Before starting treatment of a hygroma with folk remedies or medicines, it is necessary to determine the nature of the inflammation. The most effective drugs for cysts are:
- Gistan;
- Nimesil;
- Diclofenac;
- Diprosalic;
- Clemastine.
Some patients can cope with the problem with physiotherapy. Their use is appropriate for aseptic inflammation. Popular procedures:
- UHF ;
- ultrasound;
- salt and soda baths;
- magnetotherapy .
Hygroma - operation
There are several effective methods of surgical treatment:
- Removal of the hygroma by the laser. During the procedure, the cyst is highly heated and completely destroyed.
- Crushing of the ganglion. During such treatment, the fluid spreads over the joint. This method is painless. When crushed, the envelope of formation breaks, and the tumor disappears, but the method has a drawback - after such treatment relapses often occur. In addition, some patients develop complications - such as a purulent process, for example.
- Removal of hygroma by clipping. After such therapy, relapses do not happen warranted. The operation is performed under local anesthesia and lasts no longer than 30 minutes. The stitches after healing are healed within 7 to 10 days. In complex localizations or too large a gyro, a specialist can prescribe general anesthesia.
The process of rehabilitation and rehabilitation depends on which of the methods was treated, but in most cases, the patient is impregnated with gypsum. This prevents the overgrowth of the cyst. Some time after the operation it is desirable to avoid serious physical exertion on the limbs. In rare cases, patients are prescribed antibiotics and pain medications.