Laparoscopy is a diagnostic manipulation that is widely used in gynecology, gastroenterology and nephrology. In gynecological practice, laparoscopy is used to treat cysts , fibroids, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Manipulations during this method are performed through small punctures on the skin under the control of the video camera.
Diagnostic laparoscopy for infertility
In the diagnosis and treatment of infertility, women give preference to conservative methods. But, when all possible methods are exhausted, and the long-awaited pregnancy does not come, a series of invasive methods come. Laparoscopy will allow to establish a tubal factor of infertility, in which, despite the sufficient production of hormones and the full maturation of the egg, the patency of the fallopian tubes is impaired. The penetration of the pipe disrupts the adhesion process, which develops as a result of operations on the pelvic organs, or because of the long-lasting inflammation caused by sexual infections (chlamydia, mycoplasma). Violation of patency of the uterine tube very often leads to an ectopic pregnancy.
Methods of diagnosing infertility
Methods for diagnosing infertility include various laboratory tests (detection of antibodies to genital infections, hormone levels), ultrasound (allows to determine the condition of the ovaries), hysteroscopy (with the help of which you can see the state of the endometrium, the oviducts and endometrial changes in the uterus and ovaries). If the listed non-invasive methods of investigation do not allow an accurate diagnosis and the cause of infertility remains unclear, then laparoscopy is resorted to.
Endometriosis as the cause of infertility
Endometriosis manifests itself by replacing the areas of myometrium and ovarian tissue with endometrial cells, in which all changes occur in the menstrual cycle. Inside the endometriosis nodes contains a dark liquid. During menstruation, blood flows into the cavity of the nodes, and then partially absorbed. And so it repeats every month. When accumulating the contents of nodules, they increase in size. When forming endometriotic cysts on the ovary these areas become functionally inferior, leading to infertility.
As we see from the above, laparoscopy is an additional invasive method of diagnosing and treating infertility in women .