Proctitis is a disease in which the mucous membrane of the rectum is inflamed. Causes that lead to the fact that the inflammatory process begins to develop in the large intestine, the most diverse. Depending on them, the forms of the given ailment are distinguished, and all of them have their own symptoms.
Symptoms of acute proctitis
Acute proctitis occurs suddenly. Its first symptoms are fever, chills, false urge to bowel movement against a background of permanent constipation and a feeling of heaviness in the rectum. Also accompanied by an acute form of proctitis with a burning sensation in the gut.
At the very beginning of the development of the disease, the sphincter of the rectum in the patient can be spasmodically reduced, but after a while it relaxes and the anus opens, the contents of the intestine gradually flow out, and the urges become continuous. This is why frequent symptoms of proctitis are:
- pallor of the skin;
- rapid weight loss ;
- a constant sense of weakness.
The mucous membrane of the gut with this form of the disease is edematous and sharply hyperemic. In some cases, it is covered with fibrinous-purulent coating, has a crimson or bright red color, and the vascular pattern on it is significantly strengthened.
Symptoms of morphological forms of acute proctitis
Acute proctitis can manifest itself in a variety of morphological forms. One of them is catarrhal-hemorrhagic. It is characterized by hyperemia of the mucosa and pinpoint hemorrhages. Symptoms of catarrhal proctitis include:
- redness and irritation of the skin in the anus;
- burning and feeling of heaviness;
- pain in the perineum, lower back and abdomen with palpation.
With erosive form of proctitis, erosions appear on the intestinal mucosa. Because of this, the patient suddenly has blood on the entire surface of the stool. Its color can be both bright and dark, and it can also be in the form of small clots. With the further development of this form of illness with a false urge or in front of a chair, there may be bloody-mucous discharge. But at the same time the bowel function is not disturbed and, as a rule, the patient does not experience any pain. Among the symptoms of erosive proctitis there is no characteristic sensation of burning and itching.
Another form of proctitis is radiation ulcer proctitis. It develops as a consequence of radiotherapy, which is carried out for the destruction of malignant tumors developing in the pelvic region. Symptoms of radiation proctitis are not immediately apparent, but several months after the procedures. These include:
- feeling of heaviness;
- spotting from the rectum;
- very frequent false desires;
- a feeling of strong pressure in the gut.
If the chlamydia get from the genital organs into the rectum (for example, with anal contacts or with strong discharge from the vagina, chlamydial proctitis may develop.) This form of the disease does not have symptoms, most often it is found with scrapings from the rectal mucosa or after manual rectoscopy.
Symptoms of chronic proctitis
A frequent sign accompanying chronic colitis is aching, dull or cramping pain in the abdomen. It is localized in the lateral or lower parts of it, but in some it does not have a clear localization. The intensity of pain is usually increased before defecation or immediately after eating and is weakened after a cleansing enema or with the escape of gases. Symptoms of chronic proctitis include flatulence. It appears due to a violation of the digestion of food.
The main sign of worsening of this form of the disease is a violation of the stool, which is manifested either by constipation or diarrhea (up to 15 times a day). Very often, the patient is alternating these unpleasant conditions.