Types of abortion

Artificial abortion, or abortion, can be carried out at the request of a woman or for medical reasons, when bearing a child creates a direct threat to the life of a woman and is simply contraindicated. In the first case, abortion is possible in the period up to 12 weeks of gestation, in the second - up to 22 weeks. But after - it will already be considered premature birth.

Ways to have an abortion

Below is listed, what are the types of abortions, and what are the peculiarities of their technique:

1. Medical abortion . This method consists in the use of pills that stop the development of pregnancy. To this end, apply Mifepriston. The drug inhibits the formation and action of progesterone, which is considered the main hormone of pregnancy. That is, the pregnancy stops. Supplement the effect of this drug Misoprostol, which causes cramping contractions of the uterus, which helps to tear off the fetal egg.
2. Mini-abortion using a special vacuum device , which, creating a negative pressure in the uterine cavity, "tears" the fetal egg from the wall. In the future, the embryo is removed from the cavity.
3. Surgical abortion is to carry out scraping. At the same time, the embryo is removed along with a part of the uterine mucosa. Immediately before curettage it is necessary to increase the lumen of the cervical canal with the help of special expanders, so that the introduction of a curette becomes possible.

Abortion and gestational age

Everyone knows that the choice of the type of abortion and the timing of pregnancy are closely interrelated. Therefore, figuring out what kinds of abortions are, it is important to understand on what terms it will be expedient to apply this or that method. In the early stages, such types of abortions as medical and vacuum abortion are used. That is, similar methods of abortion can be used up to 6 weeks of gestation. Later - only surgical curettage. Since the fetal egg at this time has time to tighten to attach to the mucous membrane of the uterus, then less invasive methods will not be effective.

Safety of abortion and types of complications

There is no safe way of artificial termination of pregnancy. Any kind of abortion is considered a serious stress shock for the woman's body. Especially the endocrine system suffers, as there is a most powerful failure in hormonal homeostasis. At the same time, the earlier the gestation period, the less the risk of negative consequences and severe complications.

With all types of abortion, there is a possibility of complications. Most often these are infectious diseases of the genitals or bleeding. In some cases, the purulent process extends to surrounding tissues and organs. When probing the uterine cavity, there is a possibility of perforation of the wall, which requires more serious surgical intervention. In the later period after abortion, the development of habitual miscarriage as a result of ischemic-cervical insufficiency is possible. In surgical abortion with the help of curettage in the long-term period after the intervention, the development of endometriosis, as well as the pathology of attaching the placenta in subsequent pregnancies, is possible.

Still, the most safe form of abortion is considered to be a medical abortion. The main advantage is that there is no mechanical trauma to the uterus and the cervical canal. And also the risk of development of purulent-inflammatory complications is minimized. However, development of serious bleeding and hormonal failure is not ruled out. There is also the possibility of incomplete embryo removal, in which case there is a need to use other types of abortion.