Fluoroquinolones are antimicrobials in which chemicals have been created artificially. The beginning of entry into our life, in the form of the 2nd generation of drugs of this group (ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin), are considered the 80th years of the XX century. Their distinctive feature was the widest range of actions in the aspect of fighting microbes, bacteria, as well as the high rate of absorption of the drug into the cells of the body, and spreading it into the foci of infection.
In one decade, the world saw fluoroquinolones III and IV generations, which were more widely available in terms of fighting bacteria (primarily pneumococci), microorganisms, pathogens of intracellular level infections. One of the advantages of the last generation fluoroquinolones is the more active absorption of substances.
Antibiotics of the group of fluoroquinolones, with direct penetration into the body, act in such a way that they inhibit the vital activity of DNA-gyrase (the enzyme of the microbial cell, which is an integral part of the infection), which subsequently kills the microbe.
Compatibility of fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones have wide indications for their use in medical practice. With their help, it is recommended to carry out step-by-step therapies for the treatment of severe diseases, they have good compatibility with other antibacterial drugs.
Fluoroquinolones classification
- the first - non-fluorinated finolones;
- the second - gram-negative fluoroquinolones;
- the third - respiratory fluoroquinolones;
- the fourth - respiratory plus antianaerobic fluoroquinolones.
Fluoroquinolones of the latest generation use:
- for diseases of the respiratory tract and various ENT diseases: bronchitis, pneumonia, acute sinusitis, frontal sinuses (as well as complications arising in the course of the disease of various kinds);
- infectious diseases of the kidneys, as well as the genitourinary system: cystitis (acute and chronic), pyelonephritis (acute, chronic, and complications arising in the course of this type of disease);
- with infections of the gastrointestinal tract: dysentery, salmonellosis, infections based on intestinal sticks, typhoid fever;
- due to infection of the skin and articular system;
- with diseases that are transmitted sexually: gonorrhea, soft chancroid;
- for the treatment and prevention of various infectious diseases, with weakened immunity or violation of its functions;
- for the recovery of the body in the postoperative period.
Antibiotics of the fluoroquinolones group side effects:
- for the hematopoietic system: anemia, reduction of leukocytes in the blood (which leads to a decrease in the body's defenses) and platelets (which worsens blood coagulability);
- for the gastrointestinal tract: pain in the abdomen, flatulence, decreased appetite, the appearance of nausea, metallic taste in the mouth, in rare cases -
inflammation of the intestine; - for the liver: deterioration of its working capacity;
- for the central nervous system: migraine, insomnia, anxiety, anxiety, visual impairment, in rare cases - fainting, spasms and hallucinations;
- for the skin: the appearance of a rash on the body, the appearance of itching;
- for the urinary system: nephritis, changes in color of urine;
- for anatomical functions: breast augmentation in men;
- for bone and muscle systems: pain.