Enterocolitis is the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the small and large intestine. As a result of this disease, the basic functions of the intestine are violated: absorption, digestion and motor function, excretion.
The causes of enterocolitis in children
Distinguish between acute and chronic forms of enterocolitis.
In acute enterocolitis, the causes of inflammation are:
- transferred acute intestinal infections (viral diarrhea, salmonellosis, dysentery, staphylococcus, enterovirus), helminth and parasitic infestations;
- inaccuracies in nutrition (the abuse of seasonings, spices, coarse, hard-to-digest food, overeating);
- food allergy, intolerance to certain foods (milk, eggs, meat);
- dysbiosis;
- use of antibiotics.
Enterocolitis in newborns appears as a result of intrauterine infection.
Chronic enterocolitis occurs as a consequence of previous acute inflammation of the intestine, diseases of the stomach, liver, pancreas.
Enterocolitis in children: symptoms
Symptomatic enterocolitis is happy bright. Recognize acute enterocolitis in children can be on the following grounds:
- the appearance of diarrhea;
- pain in the abdomen (in the navel, lower abdomen on the right or left), sometimes accompanied by vomiting, nausea;
- liquid stool with mucus, foamy, with an unpleasant odor, with elements of undigested food;
- flatulence, bloating.
The chronic form of the disease is characterized by:
- alternating diarrhea with constipation;
- headaches, refusal to eat, sluggishness, absent-mindedness, bad sleep;
- liquid stool with mucus or vice versa, solid "sheep" feces;
- dystrophy;
- a metabolic disorder;
- avitaminosis.
To diagnose enterocolitis, the analysis of feces for the presence of pathogenic microbes and a general blood test are taken, rectoscopy, colonoscopy, and x-rays are used.
Treatment of enterocolitis in children
In the acute form of the disease caused by poisoning, it is necessary to wash the stomach with a subsequent water-tea diet. For the removal of the pain syndrome, spasmolytic drugs are prescribed (papaverine, no-shpa). If the inflammation has arisen because of infection, the use of antibiotics in enterocolitis (polymyxin, phthalazole, levomycetin, biseptol) is indicated.
For successful treatment, a diet is prescribed for acute enterocolitis, the so-called Noz 4 table for Pozner. Food is steamed, boiled, wiped in the form of mashed potatoes. Showing products such as: low-fat varieties of fish, meat, poultry, eggs (steam omelet), wheat bread, biscuits, cottage cheese, butter, rice, millet, buckwheat, kissels and compotes. Adhering to a diet with enterocolitis, you should abandon salty, spicy, fatty, smoked foods, rye bread, pancakes and pancakes, sausages, ham, canned food, fresh vegetables and fruits.
In the treatment of enterocolitis in premature and infants, fractional feeding with breast milk or therapeutic mixtures with prebiotics is used.
With chronic enterocolitis, enzyme preparations are prescribed
In addition to drug therapy, it is possible to treat enterocolitis with folk remedies. So, for example, improve bowel motility and reduce flatulence will help decoction of dill seeds or a mixture of 1 drop of dill oil and 10 drops of water. Decoction of mint, prepared from 1 tablespoon of herbs and a glass of water, is used to reduce pain in the abdomen, to suppress vomiting and nausea.
However, when using folk recipes in the treatment of enterocolitis in a child should consult a doctor.