A general gynecological smear is a standard and necessary procedure, without which a visit to a gynecologist is not enough.
The delivery of a smear is necessary if the patient has complaints about:
- nonspecific discharge;
- itching and burning in intimate places;
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- or the woman undergoes a preventive examination;
- planning a pregnancy;
- took antibiotics for a long time.
The doctor can prescribe the following type of gynecological smear:
- gynecological smear on flora;
- gynecological smear for the degree of purity of the vagina;
- A smear for hidden infections (usually prescribed if there is a suspicion of having a sexual infection);
- gynecological smear for cytology (allows to diagnose and prevent structural changes in the cervical tissues).
Gynecological smear on the degree of purity and the flora of the vagina can detect many pathogens and disturbing the natural ecological community. What is more the cause of such pathological processes and diseases as, bacterial vaginosis, vaginitis, thrush, etc. This study is mandatory on the first admission. In fact, further actions depend on the results obtained.
What shows the gynecological smear on the flora and the degree of purity?
For the gynecological smear, the patient takes biological material and goes to microscopy. The results of the gynecological smear study are compared with the norm. The main evaluation criteria are:
- Leucocytes in gynecological smear. White blood cells in the gynecological smear is usually present, even in completely healthy woman, but in this case their number should not exceed 10 units in sight.
- Flat epithelium. The presence of cells of the flat epithelium in the gynecological smear is considered mandatory.
- Yeast in the gynecological smear. Yeasts in the gynecological smear, especially their increased amount and concomitant symptomatology indicate thrush.
- Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms (streptococci, staphylococcus and others) can also be present in a small amount. If their numbers are increased, this indicates a hidden infection.
- Intestinal bacilli should be determined in a minimum amount.
- Lactobacilli - form the basis of microflora, determine the basic protective properties of the vagina.
- Gonococci, Trichomonas and other harmful bacteria, normally should be absent.