Fundamentals of moral education of preschool-age children are laid at a time when children learn to communicate with their peers, the types of their activities are significantly expanding, and knowledge of the world around them is constantly replenished. If the two-year-old does not yet feel guilty for misconduct, the three-year-olds are already able to realize that they have done something wrong. So how do parents determine that facet, when preschoolers are ready to assimilate moral norms and observe them? There is a simple test: ask the child not to turn around, while you are behind him to unpack an interesting new toy, about which it should be notified. Withstood it? Did not turn around? If the kid has learned to manage his desires and impulses, he is quite ready to fulfill the requirements of the simplest moral standards.
Child and parents
The first ideas about good and bad children learn at an early age from fairy tales told by parents. The concepts of good and evil are formed in a game unobtrusive form. A huge role in the process of socialization belongs to moral education in the family, which is based on the relationships of its members. The child constantly hears that one should respect the elders, share toys with his brother or sister, do not offend the animals, do not deceive. But the most important example is the behavior of adults. A kid who observes discourtesy, selfishness, disrespect of parents to each other, simply can not behave differently. That is why the moral education of preschoolers is impossible outside the family.
Education of moral motives
One of the main tasks of moral education of preschool children is motivation to ensure that children not only knew about the existence of certain norms, but also wanted to observe them. Of course, it's the easiest to force. But you can act differently. Various methods of moral education of preschool children are reduced to awards and encouragement. I was honest - expect rewards, deceived - be ready for punishment. For preschoolers, the approval of an adult, and especially a parent, is of great importance. The child tries to strengthen and maintain a good relationship with his parents. This is how the main motive arises, oriented to the so-called social external control.
Good results are demonstrated by games on moral education of preschool children, who in a cheerful manner inform them of the importance of observing moral norms.
The role of punishment
The features of the spiritual and moral education of preschool children do not allow you to dispense with punishments that should follow the non-observance of moral norms. Rough words, physical pain - methods that are capable of inflicting an irreparable injury on the child's psyche. The form and dosage of punishments are always individual, and the ability to use them is a special skill. The main thing is that the punishment does not concern the spiritual threads of trust that connect the baby with the parents. Human dignity,
Punishment is only external control. When the child grows up, the parents' control will be weakened, and eventually disappear altogether, so you can not hope for an "external guard". The kid should realize that it is necessary, first of all, to him. Existing means of moral education of preschool children allow choosing the optimal variant for a particular child of motivation, reward and punishment.
The situation when the education of moral qualities in preschool children is based on disinterestedness and the creation of a positive image of oneself in the child is an excellent opportunity to give the child a sense of his own importance. But this image is inseparable from moral actions.