Restoring the dentition with removable elements is an inexpensive, but worthy alternative to implantation . Prostheses, which are based on a solidly-cast metal frame, are called clasp. Due to their high strength, these arc-shaped devices do not require a thick plastic substrate, so they are compact and convenient.
Clasp prostheses - indications and contraindications
Modern dentists prefer to install non-removable structures or single artificial elements, but implants are of great value and are not available to all patients, sometimes they can not be used due to health conditions. In such situations, clasp dentures are used. They are comfortable to wear, provide an excellent aesthetic result and a uniform distribution of the load on the jaw, have a democratic price. Remove from here a clasp wonderful prosthesis.
Clasp prostheses - indications
The main area of application of the considered devices is the restoration of the integrity of the dentition. Depending on the type of the terminal defect, a bilateral or unilateral clasp prosthesis is selected. With the help of an arcuate frame, you can hide the absence of one or several teeth without having to remove the structure at night. Another clasp prosthesis is installed in the following cases:
- splinting with periodontal disease (ancillary measure);
- combined and included defects in the dentition;
- increased abrasion of the enamel with an incorrect bite .
Clasp dentures - contraindications
There is a list of states in which the described tool can not be temporarily used:
- any diseases in acute stage;
- pregnancy;
- drug addiction;
- inflammatory diseases of the mouth or jaw;
- lactation;
- rehabilitation period after complex treatment, including chemical and radiotherapy;
- severe exhaustion.
Removable clasp prosthesis is categorically contraindicated in such pathologies:
- atrophy of alveolar processes;
- low supporting teeth;
- diabetes;
- deep bite;
- complete absence of teeth for support;
- high location of the frenum of the tongue;
- poor compliance of mucous membranes;
- shallow bottom of the oral cavity;
- allergy to prosthetic materials or local anesthesia;
- insufficiency of fissure for linings;
- chronic inflammation of periapical tissues;
- diseases of the jaw bones;
- mental disorders;
- oncological diseases.
Types of denture prosthesis
The presented designs differ in place and form of attachment. There is a clasp prosthesis on the lower jaw and on the upper dentition. Classification according to the type of installation includes the following devices:
- clamping;
- Attachments (patricians);
- telescopic;
- lock.
Clasp prosthesis on clasps
This is the simplest and budgetary version of the devices under consideration. To the metal frame are welded thin hooks that cling to the crown part of the teeth and hold the clasp denture in the oral cavity. The fixing points do not damage the gums and are almost not felt, but can be visually visible to others while laughing, chewing or talking.
If the clasp prosthesis is installed for the purpose of therapeutic splinting, the hooks serve as an additional fixing tool for the loosened teeth (as a result of periodontal disease or periodontitis ). Clamping design provides the most uniform and correct distribution of the load: one third is on the jaw, the rest is on the gum.
Clasp prosthesis on attachments
These arc scaffolds are a little more expensive due to the complexity of manufacturing and the amount of metal used. Such prosthetic dentures removable clasp are held on micro-locks. Each attachment or patrician consists of 2 parts, one is initially soldered to the adaptation, and the second is welded to the metal-ceramic crown, which serves as a support. To install the design, you need to connect the grooves, after snapping it is firmly fixed in the mouth and absolutely not visible.
Clasp prosthesis on telescopic crowns
The most expensive in the segment under consideration is the method of restoring the dentition, but also the most durable and aesthetic. The upper or lower clasp prosthesis is made to order. First, the specialist sharpens his teeth, which will serve as a support, cover them with a layer of metal and polish, forming a non-removable part of the joint. After this, a detailed and precise contour impression is made, on the basis of which a clasp denture with an internal cavity is cast. It should perfectly follow the outline of the support so that the fixation of the structure is stable.
Clasp prosthesis on locks
The described type of fastening is identical to the installation of a dental device on the patricians. The classical lock clasp prosthesis has already become obsolete. Modern attachments have very small dimensions to improve the appearance of the restored dentition. If you study the early clasp prosthesis on the lock mounts, too large parts of the connecting mechanism are visible. Because of their cumbersomeness and low aesthetic parameters, standard patriots are no longer used.
Prosthetic dentures
People suffering from allergic reactions to metal, doctors offer innovative types of structures:
- Quadrupts. The correcting or splinting clasp prosthesis is made of a plastic material (acetal) coated with pink plastic, which mimics the structure and color of the gums.
- Acry-free. The device is made of a similar composition, but without a plastic layer, so it remains translucent.
- Nylon. Polymeric prosthesis with high aesthetic characteristics, comfortable and completely invisible during socks.
The process of installing the presented structures takes about a week or more, depending on the size and complexity of the arc, the number of lost teeth and the anatomical features of the oral cavity. A special role is played by the technique. It should be neat and executed with jewelry precision. Approximate sequence of actions of the doctor:
- scrupulous examination of both jaws;
- complete sanation of the oral cavity;
- performance of survey X-rays;
- removal of all tooth sizes;
- The definition of an occlusion, its depth and direction;
- clarification of the position of the jaws in all planes;
- finding out the load on the support teeth and gums;
- drawing and creation of a diagnostic model;
- production of plaster cast and wax prototype;
- casting of a metal or polymer frame;
- coating the resulting substrate with acrylic;
- insertion of artificial teeth;
- direct installation of the product.
All the listed stages are discussed in advance with the patient, who needs to regularly come to the dental office for intermediate fitting braces. Preliminary agreed size and shape of artificial teeth, the desired shade of enamel. Qualitatively executed design will last a long time and will retain a pleasant appearance if its owner follows the instructions for use.
Care for clasp prostheses
One of the advantages of this method of restoring a smile is the ease of servicing the accessory. Clasp denture with clamping fixation and any other method of connection does not need to be removed at night, and cleansing is carried out in a similar way to the care of natural teeth. The only nuance - it is desirable to remove the leftovers of food after each intake. Before going to bed, experts advise to remove the structure and carefully rinse it under a strong water jet. To prolong the life and prevent oral diseases, it is important to visit the dentist twice a year.
How to remove the clasp prosthesis?
The device with all types of fastening is easily extracted by yourself. When clamping the connection, you need to slightly pull the hooks and get the accessory with your fingers. The clasp prosthesis on the upper jaw or lower dentition with the patricians is removed in two stages - first the microglass itself is opened (the rivet is snapped off or the fixing pin is removed), then the structure is removed. The telescopic device can be removed even easier, you should gently pull the artificial teeth behind the upper edge.