Every family, woman or man has the right to choose when the time comes to give birth to a child. Today there are several types of contraception that give the opportunity to control this issue and decide when it is time to become parents.
Ways of preventing unwanted pregnancy
Consider the existing types of contraception.
- Barrier means . These are the most common types of contraception. These include the use of condoms (male and female), vaginal diaphragms, cervical caps. Barrier contraceptives protect the sexual organs of partners from direct contact. At their use the partner's sperm does not get into the partner's vagina. The use of condoms prevents the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Reliability of use: 95-98%. The use of cervical caps, as well as vaginal diaphragms, occurs with the use of spermicidal ointments. These contraceptives are made of silicone or latex. They can be used many times in one to two years. To find the right size of the cap and diaphragm, you need to consult a doctor. Reliability of use: 85-95%.
- Chemicals . The essence of the action of these drugs is that, upon contact with the sperm, they destroy its structure and thus do not allow it to fertilize the ova. Along with the destruction of the structure of spermatozoa, they kill bacteria and viruses (chlamydia, staphylococci, herpes of type 2). These methods of preventing unwanted pregnancy are suitable for occasional use, because these contraceptives adversely affect the microflora of the vagina, resulting in the development of a dysbacteriosis. The substance of chemical contraceptive preparations is destroyed upon contact with alkali. When using chemical contraceptives, all washings before sexual intercourse should be done with clean water. Chemical contraceptives are available in the form of vaginal suppositories, creams, tampons. Reliability of use: 75-80%.
- Hormonal . Hormonal methods of protection from unwanted pregnancy act on the principle of obstruction of ovulation. Hormonal preparations for protection from pregnancy are issued in the form of tablets, implants, injections. To find the most effective drug you will be helped by a gynecologist who will determine the dose of this or that drug according to the results of a blood test for hormones. Modern methods of preventing pregnancy using hormonal drugs do not pose any danger to the health of women. And unlike the drugs of the first generation, do not provoke an increase in body weight. After the act for the purpose of preventing pregnancy use hormonal drugs - postcoital tablets. They stop the maturation of the egg and make it impossible to fertilize it. This is an emergency protection against unwanted pregnancy. Reliability of use: 97%.
- Intrauterine spirals . The spiral is inserted into the woman's uterus for a maximum of five years. There are regular spirals and hormonal. This is a rather dangerous method of contraception, since the use of a spiral can provoke ectopic pregnancy , and besides it has a number of contraindications. Reliability of use: 75-80%.
- Sterilization . This method of contraception does not affect the person's sexual activity. Do not confuse sterilization with castration. During sterilization, artificial obstruction of the vas deferens of the man and the ligation of the fallopian tubes of the woman are created. Reliability of application: 100%.
Also there is a so-called temperature method of protection from pregnancy,
Prevention of pregnancy interruption of sexual intercourse can also be called a physiological method of preventing pregnancy. But it is worth remembering that sperm can stand out and get into the vagina before the ejaculation begins, and this can lead to an unwanted pregnancy. In addition, the interruption of sexual intercourse leads to a decrease in male potency.
There are also folk methods of protection from pregnancy, for example, douching before and after sexual intercourse with acidified water. The use of this method is explained by the fact that in an acidic environment the spermatozoa become less active or even die.