Dental caries is a pathological process that is triggered by the demineralization and softening of hard tissues, which subsequently forms cavities and destroys the structure of the tooth.
The reasons for the appearance of caries are different:
- a genetic predisposition to a disease or an innate susceptibility to bacteria, which provokes destruction;
- the presence in the oral cavity of acid-forming streptococci that multiply in conditions of impaired personal hygiene, severe plaque, abuse of carbohydrate food;
- poor nutrition and poor water quality;
- disease during age maturation of hard tooth tissues;
- affects the time interval between each meal, especially with a high content of sucrose, glucose or fructose. In this period, the tooth is subjected to an acid reaction, which causes destruction of the enamel and the formation of cavities.
The main stages of caries:
- initial (manifested by age spots);
- surface (breaks the integrity of the enamel);
- medium (hard tooth tissues are destroyed);
- deep (a large cavity appears, solid tissues are destroyed).
Diagnosis and treatment of caries
Carried out by a dentist in a clinical setting. At deep stages to see manifestations of caries is not difficult. For this use a sight glass and a probe.
If difficulties in determining localization are resorted to an x-ray or cold sample.
The use of deep diagnostics helps to identify caries even at the stage of spots and cure in time. Additionally, blue pigmentation or a caries detector is used in the pigmentation stage. The composition includes magenta. The recognition of pathology at an early stage is carried out by the method of transluminescence - it is transmitted through a strong beam of light.
Get rid of dental caries will help. Nowadays there are several basic methods of treating this disease.
The advanced method is treatment of caries with ozone. The procedure is painless and non-contact. The methodology was developed in Germany. When it is used, there is no need to introduce anesthesia, to include a dental drill, and in rare cases specialists do without seals. Ozone helps to get rid of harmful bacteria, removes inflammation.
The second method is laser treatment of caries. The method is ideal for preparing the tooth for sealing. In this case, the probability of injury to healthy tissue is minimal. The laser only removes damaged areas. Refers to methods of painless treatment.
Treatment of caries in the home is ineffective. Most often this method is popular among the elderly or provoked by fear of going to the dentist.
There are cases when it is impossible to get to the dentist urgently. Then it is recommended to turn to anesthesia and rinses.
Popular folk remedies for caries:
- Powder from grass of the field horsetail for rinsing;
- mint leaves + infusion of fennel;
- Apply ice to the swelling on the cheek (since it is not recommended to warm up);
- use infusion from the bark of oak, sage;
- rinse with soda solution.
How to protect teeth from tooth decay?
Prevention of dental caries consists of two directions:
- increase the resistance of tissues to bacteria;
- elimination of microflora, which provokes destruction.
It is important to remember hygienic norms, regular brushing of teeth and visiting a doctor. You should carefully choose toothpaste, rinse your mouth after a carbohydrate-rich food and use dental floss.
The consequences of caries are quite unpleasant. The launched form of the disease leads to the emergence and exacerbation of tonsillitis, gastritis, inflammation of the urogenital system.