The human psyche is a mysterious and complex thing, until the end of its possibilities have not yet been clarified. Therefore, psychological processes, properties and states of the individual are subject to constant study. Processes are especially difficult to classify, because they are very short-term, being an actual response to events.
The main types of psychological processes
In domestic psychology, it is common to subdivide psychological processes into two main types - cognitive (specific) and universal (nonspecific). The first group includes sensation, thinking and perception, while the second group includes memory, imagination and attention.
- Sensations are an integral part of the process of cognition, which is a reflection of any properties of objects that directly affect the senses. Also, sensations reflect the inner state of a person due to the presence of internal receptors. This process is necessary for the normal functioning of the psyche, in the state of sensory isolation, there are disturbances in thinking, hallucinations, pathologies of self-perception. For a long time only 5 feelings were talked about, and only in the 19th century did new species appear-kinesthetic, vestibular, and vibrational.
- Perception is the combination of individual sensations to form a holistic view of an object or phenomenon. It is interesting that the opinion is made on the basis of the most characteristic properties, while the data obtained from past experience can be used. Therefore, the process of perception is always subjective, depending on the individual characteristics of the person.
- Thinking is the highest stage of processing information, otherwise it is the modeling of stable relationships between objects and phenomena based on axioms. This process allows a person to receive information that can not be extracted directly from the outside world. Thanks to the continuous replenishment of the stock of concepts, new conclusions are being formed.
- Memory - includes the storage, storage and further reproduction of the information received. The role of memory is difficult to overestimate, since no action can be committed without its participation, therefore
the process is considered to ensure the unity of the individual. - Imagination is the transformation of the results of perception into mental images. This process, as well as memory, relies on past experience, but it is not an accurate reproduction of what happened. Images of the imagination can be supplemented by details from other events, take on a different emotional color and scale.
- Attention is one of the sides of human consciousness. Any activity needs more or less this process. With a high degree of attention, it improves productivity, activity and organized actions.
Despite the existence of such a classification, it should be noted that the separation of processes is gradually losing its value due to the development of integrative approaches to the psyche.