To date, the vast majority of diagnosed gastric cancer, about 95%, belongs to adenocarcinoma. This disease is difficult to diagnose at an early stage, since the first time is almost asymptomatic. The emergence of adenocarcinoma of the stomach, some experts associate with the presence of Helicobacter pylori - a spiral bacterium that inhabits the stomach. The disease can manifest itself against a background of gastritis, stomach ulcers, weakening of immunity. Improper nutrition, with an abundance of preservatives and nitrites, can also trigger the occurrence of cancer. A distinctive feature of adenocarcinoma of the stomach is the appearance of metastases at an early stage.
Factors that have an adenocarcenoma
- age from 40-50 years;
- the disease is more susceptible to men (2-3 times more often than women);
- alcohol intake and smoking;
- infection with bacteria Helicobacter;
- food with an abundance of salt, smoked products, preservatives, fast food;
- bad ecology;
- hereditary predisposition.
Symptoms of the disease
As stated earlier, the first time of adenocarcinoma of the stomach is asymptomatic. If the diagnosis is delivered in a timely manner, then a complete cure is possible and the risk of complications is very small. But, unfortunately, cancer at the zero stage is diagnosed accidentally and extremely rarely. Over time, the following symptoms begin to appear:
- change in taste preferences and sensations;
- weight loss with a simultaneous increase in the volume of the stomach;
- weakness ;
- nausea and vomiting;
- abdominal pain in the region of the stomach;
- the appearance of blood in the stool and vomiting at the last stage of the disease.
Types of adenocarcinoma
The adenocarcinoma of the stomach according to the type of structure of the predominant component, as a rule, is divided into two types:
- Highly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach (intestinal type of cancer) - has papillary, tubular or cystic structure;
- Low-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach (scirrus) - it is difficult to determine the glandular structure, since the tumor grows inside the walls of the organ.
There is such a thing as a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach. This species occupies an intermediate position between high and low-grade.
The chance of recovery with highly differentiated types of cancer is much higher than with the low-grade types.
Treatment of adenocarcinoma
The main treatment for adenocarcinoma of the stomach is surgical, in which the stomach is completely removed. Lymph nodes can also be removed. After the operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are additionally connected.
In cases where surgical intervention already does not bring the desired result, maintenance therapy is prescribed. It will help to create the greatest possible comfort for the patient by reducing the activity of the symptoms.
Prognosis for recovery in adenocarcinoma of the stomach
They depend on the degree of damage and the stage of the disease:
- Stage 1 - recovery in 60-80%;
- Stage 2 - recovery 30-40%;
- Stage 3 - recovery of 12-20%;
- Stage 4 - recovery is not more than 5%.
The detection of the disease, as a rule, occurs already on
Preventive measures
Doctors advise to undergo regular medical examinations and every 2-3 years to do gastroenteroscopy, even if there are no troubling symptoms. Also, the attention of the doctor should involve a general blood test, in which anemia or a decrease in the number of red blood cells is possible.