In the overwhelming number of cases of vegetative-vascular dystonia (AVD), symptoms in adults are associated with abnormal work of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). A complex of unpleasant and dangerous signs of this disease is caused by the sympathetic and parasympathetic departments of the VNS.
What is the VSD?
The diagnosis of VSD is put only in a number of countries and is completely not recognized in Europe and the United States. The reason for this is too blurred symptomatology of the disease, which includes a whole complex of symptoms. Failure in the work of the autonomic nervous system causes functional disturbances in the work of various organs, since the VNS is responsible for the internal balance of all organs and systems - accelerates and slows heartbeat, digestion, salivation, breathing, stimulates the production of adrenaline. The second purpose of the VNS is the mobilization of the organism's adaptive functions to the changing conditions of the external environment.
VSD can be characterized by circulatory disorders, heat exchange, digestion. In addition, in the diagnosis of VSD, the symptoms in adults are the presence and additional pathologies:
- endocrine disorders (diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis);
- diseases of the nervous system;
- mental disorders;
- allergic reactions;
- diseases of the stomach and duodenum;
- dysplasia or diffuse connective tissue disease;
- hypertension or hypotension;
- scoliosis, osteochondrosis;
- atherosclerosis.
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Reasons for IRR
The causes of the emergence of VSD are also diverse and numerous, as are the physiological manifestations of this disease. In adults, VSD mainly occurs at the age of 20-30 years, then the disease can fade or cause complications and serious pathologies. The internal cause of the emergence of VSD is the weakness and dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. The external causes of IRD in adults are more diverse:
- stress;
- viral diseases;
- bacterial infections;
- electric shock;
- radioactive contamination;
- excessive exposure to the sun;
- negative environmental factors;
- poisoning of the body with alcohol, narcotic substances;
- overwork, excessive load;
- craniocerebral trauma.
In the risk group for the possible occurrence of vegetative-vascular dystonia, women often fall - they are emotional, receptive, which makes their mental state more easily disturbed. In addition, pregnant women, women on the eve of menopause or undergoing hormonal therapy become more vulnerable due to hormonal changes. There is also a second risk group for the diagnosis of VSD - these are the symptoms in adults who fall into this list:
- people who are in prolonged psychological discomfort;
- often subject to acclimatization;
- leading sedentary, sedentary lifestyle;
- born with birth trauma;
- suffering from chronic ailments;
- having relatives with VSD.
Types of IRR
There is no single and generally used classification of VSD, basically the doctors distinguish the following main types of vegetative-vascular dystonia:
- hypertensive;
- hypotonic;
- mixed.
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In addition to the three basic, some doctors also distinguish such types of VSD:
- cardiac - characterized by irregularities and irregularities in the work of the heart, extrasystole, sweating;
- normotensive - manifested respiratory insufficiency, headache;
- vagotonic - characterized by difficulty breathing, slowing of the heart rhythm, increased salivation, problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
VSD hypertensive type
Vegeto-vascular dystonia according to the hypertonic type is characterized by increased pressure - more than 130/90. In addition, the patient often suffers from headaches, migraine attacks, tachycardia, a decrease in appetite and nausea, attacks of fear (panic attacks), flashes of "goosebumps" before his eyes, excessive sweating, impaired coordination. To distinguish VSD on this type of hypertension is possible by the fact that to normalize the pressure do not need drugs - you need to calm down and relax.
VSD hypotonic type
Diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia according to the hypotonic type is characterized by reduced pressure - below 110/70, weakness, dizziness, excessive sweating of the palms, feet and elbows. During the exacerbation of the disease, the patient often turns pale, until the appearance of blue on some areas of the skin. In addition, he develops respiratory failure, which is expressed in the impossibility of making a full breath. Often found in this type of VSD and violations in the work of the digestive tract - heartburn, nausea, diarrhea.
VSD by mixed type
The form of the VSD for the mixed type occurs more often than others. With such an ailment, the patient may have symptoms of both hypertonic and hypotonic types of AVR:
- fatigue and weakness;
- dizziness, headache;
- mood jumps, fears of death, "heart rupture";
- panic attacks;
- increase or decrease in body temperature;
- pain in the heart of an unknown origin and of a different nature;
- shortness of breath, shortness of breath;
- changes in heart rate;
- tachycardia , arrhythmia;
- insomnia;
- tingling in the fingers of the limbs, sweating;
- meteorological dependence .
Vegeto-vascular dystonia - symptoms
With the diagnosis of VSD, the symptoms are so diverse and affect so far apart systems that many doctors are lost in prescribing the drugs needed to improve the quality of life of the patient. Symptoms in adults are especially common in the VSD:
- pressure fluctuations;
- pain of different etiology;
- panic attacks .
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Pressure at IRR
With different types of VSD, there are symptoms associated with fluctuations in blood pressure, and if these symptoms prevail over others, physicians diagnose an AVR in a hypertonic or hypotonic type. Vegeto-vascular dystonia - symptoms in adults associated with changes in pressure:
- Under reduced pressure - weakness, drowsiness, chilliness, dizziness, headaches, cooling of the extremities, pallor, blood flow disturbance, shallow breathing /
- At increased pressure - noise in the ears, headache, nausea, reddening of the skin of the face, increased heart rate, trembling in the limbs.
Pain with IRR
Painful sensations of a different nature can appear in any type of vegetative-vascular dystonia. Many suffering from VSD have areas in the region of the heart - acute, pressing, aching, giving in the arm. Since the VSD and dyspeptic disorders are not uncommon, the patient may have stomach or stomach ache. Very often such patients have a headache and this can be:
- The pain of tension is a monotonous pain, covering the head like a helmet.
- A migraine attack is a sharp throbbing pain on one side of the head, often localized in the temples, in the forehead or in the eye area, accompanied by nausea, tremors, and photophobia.
- Cluster pain is a painful pain on one side of the head, which often begins at night and causes insomnia, accompanied by lacrimation, pain in the eyes, a surge of blood to the face.
In the representatives of the weaker half of humanity, VSD is more common than in men. Painful symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia in women are significantly strengthened before menstruation: unpleasant sensations during this period cover both the abdomen and the lower back. The cause of intensification of painful sensations in vegetative-vascular dystonia is often hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, menopause.
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VSD - panic attacks
Panic, fear or anxiety with VSD - common symptoms. Since more often the disease affects hypochondriacs, anxious and sensitive people, they react sharply to unpleasant feelings and they may have a panic attack - an attack characterized by multiple organ symptoms and accompanied by fear of death or madness. Panic attack with VSD, symptoms in adults:
- strong panic fear;
- palpitation;
- dizziness;
- nausea;
- flushes of blood;
- chills;
- increase or decrease of pressure;
- dyspnea;
- sweating;
- dry mouth, feeling "coma" in the throat;
- neurologic symptoms - tremor or numbness of the limbs, visual disturbance, aphonia.
Attack of the IRR
VSD is aggravated during emotional experiences, depression, after serious illnesses, mental and physical overwork. Signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia during an attack are manifested sharply, all violations in various systems of the body make themselves felt at the same time. Signs of seizure VSD:
- a sharp deterioration in the general condition;
- weakness;
- pain in the head, chest, limbs;
- "Jump" or pressure drop;
- heat or cooling of limbs;
- suffocation;
- fear;
- dyspeptic problems.
A set of necessary measures will help to cope with the attack:
- the patient needs to lie down or sit down and relax;
- Exclude the effect of the stimulus that caused the attack;
- with pain in the heart - take Nitroglycerin, with increased pressure - the drug prescribed by a doctor;
- to ensure the influx of air;
- drink a soothing tea.
Vegeto-vascular dystonia - treatment
The question of how to treat VSD disturbs all who suffer from seizures and manifestations of this disease. A universal remedy for VSD does not exist, in each individual case the doctor selects a treatment suitable for the patient. To eliminate dysfunction of the cardiovascular, nervous, genitourinary, hormonal systems or the gastrointestinal tract, the doctor prescribes drugs aimed at improving their performance. With neurological disorders, tranquilizers can be prescribed. From medicines at VSD often appoint:
- plant soothing or tonic preparations - Persen, Novopassit, spirit tinctures of valerian, motherwort, ginseng, eleutherococcus, magnolia vine;
- nootropics - Piracetam, Nootropil, Phenotropil;
- tranquilizers - Nosepam, Seduxen, Diazepam;
- antidepressants - Cipralex, Pirazidol;
- antipsychotic drugs - droperidol;
- drugs to improve cerebral circulation - Cinnarizine , Cavinton.
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Non-drug therapy of VSD includes:
- Physical load - swimming, yoga, dancing, walking, cycling.
- Hardening procedures - contrast shower, dousing.
- Massage - back, collar zone, head.
- Balanced nutrition - inclusion in the diet of simple and useful products, the exclusion of fats, preservatives, fast food.
- Balanced mode - sleep for at least 8 hours.
- Physiotherapy - relaxing baths, magnetic therapy, electrophoresis, electrosleep.