Tumor of the uterus

At the present time, various neoplasms in women are increasingly being detected. Especially rapidly increases the number of diagnosed tumors of the uterus and cervical canal, in connection with which this topic should be given attention. Unfortunately, the exact causes of the tumor of the uterus remain a mystery. But it is known that to cause this disease may disturb the hormonal balance, in which there is an increase in the level of estrogens in the blood. A predisposing factor to the development of malignant neoplasm is a weighed heredity for this disease.

Malignant neoplasms

Malignant uterine tumor is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of atypical cells. Such neoplasms can affect nearby organs, germinating in them or giving metastases. An indication of a cancerous uterus tumor in the early stages may be various types of discharge, including bloody disorders of the menstrual cycle. When the cervix is ​​affected, the woman is bothered by contact bleeding (for example, after intercourse). Pain, as a rule, occurs in the late stages. The main thing in treatment is complete removal of malignant formation with the nearest lymph nodes. Also, complex therapy of such a tumor of the uterus can include the use of chemotherapy drugs or irradiation of the organ in order to reduce the volume of the tumor.

Benign tumors of the uterus

The most common benign tumors of the uterus include myoma, fibroma, fibroadenoma, leiomima . These types of tumors of the uterus, in fact, are synonyms for the designation of a tumor that grows out of the myometrium. They differ only in histological structure. To this group of tumors can also be attributed to the cyst.

Benign neoplasms are characterized by slow growth, do not give metastatic screenings and do not germinate into neighboring organs. Such a tumor can not cause symptoms. But with the large size of the neoplasm, pressure of the vessels, nervous plexuses and neighboring organs can be observed. As a result, pain syndrome occurs. The pain is more often localized in the lower abdomen and in the lumbar region. Another characteristic symptom is uterine bleeding. There may be prolonged and profuse bleeding during menstruation.

Treatment of benign uterine tumors consists of conservative therapy and surgical removal of the tumor. The choice of treatment tactics depends on the size and location of the tumor, as well as the age of the woman. An important aspect that influences the choice of treatment is the presence of children or the desire to give birth to a child.

Drug therapy is the use of hormonal drugs that can reduce the intensity of clinical manifestations, the size of the tumor and prevent its growth.

Operations for tumors of the uterus

Surgical treatment of a tumor of the uterus can be divided into the following types:

  1. Radical operation, when the organ is completely removed ( extirpation of the uterus , supravaginal amputation). This kind of intervention is indicated in cancer. And also it is used at impressive sizes of a benign neoplasm, which interferes with normal vital activity and disrupts the work of neighboring organs.
  2. Semi-radical surgery, that is, the menstrual function is preserved, but it is impossible to conceive (high amputation of the uterus, defundation).
  3. Conservative surgery (removal of neoplasm only). Used for the purpose of enucleation of myoma nodes.

Thanks to modern technology, removal of the uterine tumor is possible using endoscopic access. And also use electrosurgical and cryosurgical manipulations, which make the operation less traumatic.